■ 学会名
ISPEs 16th Asian Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and 29th Japanese Society for Pharmacoepidemiology

■ 発表日
2024/10/14

■ 筆頭演者
Yusuke Okada¹
1)Keio University

■ 共同演者
Manabu Akazawa¹
1)Meiji Pharmaceutical University

■ 発表形態
Poster

■ 要旨
We compared the effectiveness of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) and oral antipsychotics (OAs) in treating schizophrenia, focusing on whether the benefits of LAIs over OAs are evident even in the prevalent new user design and on effect heterogeneity. We compared the risks of psychiatric hospitalization and treatment discontinuation based on hazard ratios (HRs). Effect heterogeneity was evaluated using subgroup analyses with factors of psychiatric hospitalization history and proportion of days covered (PDC). LAIs were associated with a higher psychiatric hospitalization risk than OAs (HR, 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–1.88) in the entire population; however, LAIs were associated with lower risk in the group with a low PDC and psychiatric hospitalization history (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.30–0.89). LAIs were associated with a lower risk of treatment discontinuation than OAs (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66–0.87) in the entire population; in the subgroup analyses, a consistent trend was observed in all strata. Using a prevalent new user design, this study confirmed that LAIs have an advantage regarding treatment continuity. LAIs had higher psychiatric hospitalization risk than OAs in the entire population; however, this study suggested the presence of effect heterogeneity due to psychiatric hospitalization history.